Individual research into viral marketing

Viral marketing/advertising is a method used to to advertise something such as a video or message across to a large audience. It's usually put onto the internet and also shown on sites such as YouTube and Facebook to spread the video/message to many different people. Some examples of viral advertising  for films are:

The woman in black: Angel of death
This is a scare prank where the public walk up to a poster in which someone dressed as the woman in black is stood waiting to scare them inside. This was recorded and put onto YouTube but was also shared on sites such as Facebook and Twitter. This is advertising the movie to the people who were there but as it has been recorded, it can be shown to a much wider audience. The video gives an idea of the genre of the product and has been done to intrigue the audience.

Carrie
This is similar to the Woman in black viral ad as it again is a prank for the public and was recorded to be uploaded onto the internet for people to watch and share. It shows a girl getting angry in a coffee shop and using her "powers" to move objects and lift people into the air. The video shows how the prank is done but as the audience have no idea what is about to happen, it demonstrates their shock and surprise. They look genuinely amazed, which signify's what the film will make the audience feel.

What makes a good viral ad?
Not all viral advertising works, so it needs to be interesting and draw the audience in. A successful strategy which will help create a good viral ad is to give away products such as offering the public the chance to win a holiday or even part of the product (e.g. a free coca-cola or movie tickets). There are many different methods that could pull in an audience.

The advantages of viral advertising:
This advertising strategy is a good way of making people aware of a product or brand. They can also communicate certain messages, and if it is delivered in an entertaining way people have the chance to share videos or photos online or with their friends. This increases the awareness of the product/brand and they also help get an understanding of which audience would be interested in their product, and who it should be aimed at.

The disadvantages to viral advertising:
Sometimes viral advertising doesn't always go right or isn't successful. It depends on how the product is marketed and who it is being addressed at/for. If it is seen in a negative way then people will share the video and discuss it in a bad way. If the public and target audience do not like what is being shown, then unfortunately the company have no power over what they think about it.

Agnes' dad make up on the fourth day of filming

Filming Pack for day five of filming

Day five - 04/02/2015

Again we will need to travel out of college and into Chapel town to film, and we aim to spend the day filming and get as much done as possible. We aimed to film last week but the weather disrupted our plans. The camera and tripod have already been taken to the location as we wanted to be prepared, and if it snows then we will have one less thing to worry about. We will travel to the location by car so we will not have to rely on public transport, and we will all arrive at the same time. We will be setting off about 10am so that we will have the rest of the day to film.

We are aiming to film:

• The living room scene
• Agnes being dragged down the hallway
• The final shot of Agnes proving that she is a ghost - she could fade away
• The clips that we need from the hanging scene i.e. the noose being put around Agnes' neck and the rope being wrapped around the branch in focus

Hopefully, if the weather is bad, we can reschedule to film outside on another day but we are aiming to get the indoor scenes completed.

Characters

The characters that we will need for filming will be, Agnes, Agnes' dad and either the ghost boy or girl.

Props

We will need a rope for the noose and a television remote for Agnes to turn the TV on. As we have completed the majority of the filming, we will not need many props, but as we are adding some shots in places, we will make sure to use the same props to add to the suspension of disbelief.

Costumes

We will make sure to use the same costumes so that the film flows and doesn't look weird. Agnes will wear pajamas and leggings and the top that she previously wore in the other scenes. We won't bring in any new costumes for her so that we don't confuse the audience. Agnes' dad will just wear black clothing, but it doesn't matter what they are as they will be for a different day to what we have already filmed. As long as they are dark for the connotations of danger that go with them, they will be fine. Lastly, the ghost character can either wear dark or bright clothing, but we will have them out of focus to make them appear ghost like, so it doesn't really matter.

Hair and make up

The hair and make up will need to be similar to what it was last time we filmed as it will make our film look good and flow easily. Agnes' hair is in different hairstyles for different scenes, but we have made notes about which hairstyles are needed and when which will allow the clips to follow on from each other. The characters' hair should be messy to prove that they do not care about their appearance and also to express the genre to the audience. We have got clips of the previous make up and how we did it from the other days of filming so that we can achieve the same look. Also, we will be using the same products so that they look the same.

Questionnaire Responses

Click here for questionnaire responses

Audience Questionnaire

Audience Questionnaire link to share

This is our questionnaire for our rough cut

Examples of influences on our film

Title sequence:

After researching into many different title sequences, we came up with ideas that linked to films similar to ours. I looked into the opening of, 'The woman in black,' as it is very much like our film. We could use white fade in and fade outs to foreshadow that our protagonist is a ghost. We want the hanging scene to begin out film to set the genre and give a bit of context into the narrative. This will be followed by Agnes opening her eyes and sitting up in bed which will hopefully make the audience jump as it will be fast paced, and we could add a sound effect such as a scream.

Characters:

We subverted and supported the character stereotypes with our choice in roles. Our protagonist is female which supports the stereotype of women in horror films, however she is brave and stands up for herself; plus she doesn't rely on other people to save her. The antagonists in our film are Agnes' parents which also create a lonely mood and atmosphere for the protagonist. The use of the 'helper' which is the policewoman provides a sense of false security. This is because, they want to help but as our film is a non-linear narrative the audience do not know that it is already too late to save Agnes. We chose the character roles to specifically fit the genre and so that the audience will be able to connect with and understand each role.

Make up:

We understood that make up was an important aspect of the film. As we are creating a horror, the make up was/is vital as it adds to the verisimilitude effect and looks scary. We knew that our faces should be pale to represent the feelings of the characters. Also it links to the genre and the fact Agnes is really a ghost. Dark eyes were important as it creates a sinister feel for each character. The colours used on each character's face is mainly, white black and red. The white and black create a scarier effect, but red has many connotations such as danger and death. By using red lipstick on Agnes' mum for example, it represents that she is a bad character. We were influenced by the make up used in Tim Burton's, 'Sweeney Todd,' as the characters have very pale faces but the red with the clothes and blood contrasts this and creates a sinister effect.

Music:

We will use music that the audience will be able to associate with horror films. This will allow the tension to build and they will understand what the genre is easily. We have gotten our inspiration from, 'The woman in black,' as well as, 'The others,' as these films are similar to the one we are creating.

How to not confuse the audience, as our film is non-linear

As our film is non-linear and it could be a bit confusing for our audience, we will include the date throughout the film. This will enable the audience to understand when things are happening during its timeline, and will reduce confusion. This has been used in films such as, 'Paranormal Activity,' and we will use it to help the development of our plot.

The Intruders Rough Cut

Genre research into music and sounds

We will use diegetic sound in our film as it will help create the suspension of disbelief. We want the music to build up the tension as it is a horror, and there will be some jump scares. In the title sequence, we would want the music to be creepy and foreshadow that something bad will happen. During the kitchen scene, we may also wish to use music to build up the tension as there is no talking in that particular scene.

Throughout, the music should be able to represent to the audience the genre of our film and should keep them on the edge of their seat. We could use both fast and slow paced music depending on what is happening in the scene. For example, in the final scene, where the couple walk into the house, the music should be creepy but not fast paced as there is not a great deal of action occurring on the screen.

We will use sound effects that match what is happening on the shot, for example:

Screaming:


Tree branch snapping:


These are just some examples of the types of diegetic sounds we aim to use. We will not include these particular sounds in our film as they are a bit cheesy and will not create a verisimilitude affect; also we will not have the right or permission to use them.

How to make a video look like a film

We have to take into consideration when creating our product, some several things so that the finished result will look like a film.

This is the website I did my research into

• Depth of field: This is the distance between the nearest and closest thing. I can be increased with distance. The depth of the field can be altered manually so that somethings are out of focus and other times when everything in the shot is in focus. Focus pulls are used to switch the focus, so that the audience's attention are drawn to certain areas of the frame. Many film makers believe that a 'shallow' depth of focus' is the main thing that will achieve the film look. In our film, we will make sure that the focus is correct, by using the manual setting and finding the correct focus/depth. 

• Frame rate: To make sure the speed of the film is normal and doesn't appear to be weird, it should be shot 24 frames per second. It is shot a this rate as the audiences are used to it and it would look and appear weird if it was shot differently. When filming, we must make sure that our camera is set to this correct mode and must not be altered otherwise it will make the rest of our film look strange. If we want to specifically speed something up or slow it down the frames can be altered. For example in 'The matrix' the iconic scene where the protagonist is dodging bullets, the frame rate has been decreased to create this effect. 

• Framing: The framing of shots in film is essential when coming to films. The cinematography helps create a good look and makes the product appear like a movie. With careful consideration into shots, they can create a cinematic appearance, and many shots can represents things. For instance, in 'The kings speech,' this particular framing represents how the protagonist is feeling sad and lonely. 

• Camera movement: This aspect could be one of the most essential things in a film. it is basically the movement the camera undergoes. This can range from being on a tripod and being very steady, like in many Wes Anderson films, to jerky hand held camera's like in 'Saving Private Ryan,' or 'As above so below.' Considering the genre and mood of the film, the camera movement is very essential. Hand held camera's are often used in actions or horrors, were as steadier camera's are used from drama's or romances.

• Lighting: If the lighting of the film does not represent the genre or movie well then it will appear strange and not look like a film. If a film is a horror like ours then the lighting will be generally darker but it must still be light enough for the audience to be able to see what is happening in screen. Other genres such as children's films will be much lighter. It is important to consider the lighting in films so that the correct mood is given to the audience.

• Colour correction: The post-production side of film making is also as important as the production side when it comes to videos looking like films. In some independent or amateur films, it could appear over coloured to look stylised, but it doesn't always look good. The trick is to make it look as natural as possible, which will add to the verisimilitude effect. The exposure and white balance is important, which can be adjusted on the camera when filming. Different colours and filters are applied to different genres. Horrors aren't covered in a wash making them look over exposed. To create a certain mood on the screen, warm and cool effects are used.

• Film emulation: This step isn't essential, but it is basically a technique that allows the makers to apply specific film stock to the footage, again to create a certain mood. This can be by adjusting the colours and grain to match the mood you want to create.

This video explains some simple steps to use on 'Final Cut Pro' that will make a video look like a film.

Radio Trailer Research

The codes and conventions of radio trailers:

• It will need to contain facts and statistics about the film to be informative, and they should make the listener want to watch it.
• Also a voice over will be important as it can explain to the listener what the narrative will be about, and sets the mood of the product.
• The music will firstly help the listener determine the genre of the product, and will create a mood and feel to the film. Using sounds/music that will be used in the actual film are always a good option.
• The length of a radio trailer is usually around 30-40 seconds long, as it will be enough time to give away all the information needed without boring the audience.
• The aim of the trailer is to draw the audience in by giving them a feel for the film and also by giving them some background information to what it will contain.
• Sound effects are also important as they give the listener a feel for the film, and create an atmosphere.
• There can sometimes be people's opinions of the film such as the general public as well as the makers/cast of the film.
• Audio taken from the actual piece can be included as it will help create the mood.

Radio trailers are important when advertising a film. Depending on the genre and target audience they will be played at different times on different stations. For example, a Disney radio trailer will be played through a station that a lot of children will listen to and will be played during the daytime. This is a contrast to a horror film produced by twisted pictures, as it will be used on a channel with older viewers, and later in the day.

The Woman in Black Radio Trailer - This the radio trailer that I have researched. The woman in black is similar to the film we are making, so I thought I would research into a radio trailer that we can incorporate ideas from. The mood of this particular trailer is scary and is full of tension which represents what the film will be like.

What this radio trailer includes:

• Sound effects - These are used to make the listener jump and also represents that the film will be a horror full of jump scares. The sound effects that are used are loud noises that sound scary, this also creates an appropriate mood and atmosphere.
• A voice over - The voice over is essential in a radio trailer as it tells the audience the name of the film and gives a bit of insight into the narrative.
• Music - The music used in this trailer is scary and is used to draw the audience in by expressing the genre.
• Dialogue from the film - This is used to give a little bit of information to the story line, and also creates a feeling for the film.
• The public's opinions - The use of the public's opinions and experiences are used to persuade the listener to go. By hearing other people's opinions they will have an idea if they would want to spend money to see this particular film.

What our radio trailer will include:
We will incorporate ideas from the radio trailers we research so that the audience will be able to identify similarities in the films and our film may appeal to our target audience. We will definitely use music and sound effects in our trailer, that have been taken from our film to define the genre and mood. We will also use audio from our film, giving an introduction to what our film's story line will be; this will help the audience decide if they want to watch our product or not, and if it will entertain them. We will probably not be able to include the audience's opinions as our film is only an independent production and will not be broadcast in cinema's for a wide audience to see. However, to compensate for this, we could include some facts and statistics in our trailer to pull to audience in.

Film Poster research

The film poster for a film is what draws the audience in. I understand that because our genre is horror we will use symbolic colours that are also used in our film such as red and black. We will also need to say what the film will be about without giving away too many spoilers.

I did researched into two mainstream and independent horror film posters that we can incorporate ideas from in ours.

The conjuring:

From this poster, the audience can identify that the genre will be a horror due to the iconography of the noose and the shadow of the person on the floor being hung. The colours used in the poster are dark and give the impression that the film will be scary and dark. Overall, this film looks creepy because of the house, the fog, the tree and the fact the mise-en scene looks uncared for. This is similar to our film as it includes a hanging at the beginning and the house is quite creepy and uncared for. Wr could use similar ideas in our film poster by using some of the iconography used in our film on the poster to represent the genre and give a bit of insight into what the film will be about. We could also use dark colours so that it will look like a horror and appear grim. The title is bold and stands out. It also represents that it is a horror as it doesn't sound pleasant. The difference between this and our film is that this is a mainstream production, and ours will be an independent. At the top of this poster, it says the director who has directed other horror films, which will help to target a specific audience. We could still incorporate ideas from this poster in our film, but as it is only an independent product, it will not include certain aspects of this poster.

Exhibit A:

This is a different film to 'The conjuring,' mainly because it is an independent film. Warp Films produced this horror, which is clear from the poster as there are no names on of famous directors or producers etc. The image on the poster shows a bloody camera in a police evidence bag. This demonstrates to the audience the genre of the film and will give a bit of insight into what it will most likely contain. From this poster, the audience can guess that it will be a horror because of the iconography of the blood, and that it might be filmed in a similar way to 'The blair witch project.' There are no celebrity names on the film poster suggesting that it will be an independent film as it is cheaper for them to hire a cast that are less known. The line, "the camera never lies..." is used to interest the audience and make them wonder what the film will contain. The colours used are different to the ones used in the first poster. The main colours used are white and red. The red is associated with many horror/slasher films, and I believe that the white is used to make the red stand out. The title is in block capitols and is very large on the cover. Because Warp Films are an independent company, the image on the poster and the title must stand out and appear interesting enough to attract their target audience in. We could use ideas in our film with having the title large to draw in the audience and maybe also using two contrasting colours, to make one of them stand out more. To add to this, we could use a phrase on it to give some information away but to leave the audience wondering what will happen.

The characters make up on the fourth day of filming linked to other films

We wanted to use strong and powerful make up so that the audience would be able to simply understand the character's emotions without too much acting. We used certain colours such as black and red on the antagonists and also to represent danger. Agnes, who is the protagonist, has a pale face and black bags to show that she is like a ghost and also tired as well as miserable. However, she wears a lot of pink colours to represent that she is still a child and never really grew up. This can be linked to the mise-en scene of her bedroom as it is pink and there are children's toys everywhere.

 

We focused the make up inspiration on the character's in Tim Burton's 'Sweeney Todd.' This is because the main characters have pale faces with dark eyes to represent the genre of the film, as well as their personalities. We used similar techniques to represent different character's emotions. For example, Agnes' mum and dad have pale faces and we used the colours black, brown and red to represent that they did not mean well. Agnes was fairly similar, as she had a pale face to show she was upset in her life, and had bags under her eyes to show she was tired. The difference between the character's were the red used on the parent's (e.g. red lips and red used for bruising and under the eyes) and the clothes they wore. We dressed the parents in dark colours to reflect their personalities, whereas Agnes was mainly dressed in pinks and blues to represent she was the protagonist and she was still only young.

Agnes' mum on the fourth day of filming

This was Agnes' mum hair and make up for the fourth day of filming. The make up was done specifically for the drug taking scene in which we decided that she should look tired and older. We knew that the effects of taking drugs can make people look older, so Ellisha incorporated these ideas and created a make up look that supported the suspension of disbelief. The hair was put down for the actual filming and messed up to appear unkempt and as if the character did not care about her appearance.

The completed costume for Agnes' mum was mainly focused on the colour black, as you can see to the left. We did this as we knew that black had negative connotations for example misery and also would support the audience in identifying her as an antagonist. This was supported with the bold, red lips as red also has connotations of anger and danger which we did to support the character's emotional state, as she doesn't care about her family and only wants to focus her attention on drug taking.









Below is the make up process of Agnes' mum and why we did certain things.

Agnes' mum's make up on the fourth day of filming

Research Into a 'Horror' Film Poster

Using the software Photoshop, we will design a poster to promote our film. This particular one from the horror film 'Sinister' shares the same genre as our film, as well as a similar storyline, therefore we will take inspiration from this poster when designing our own.

The text at the top of the image reading "from the producers of paranormal activity and insidious" entice the audience who have watched and enjoyed the said films into watching 'Sinister' due to the fact that it suggests that they will equally enjoy watching this film also.

The fact that the font and sizing of the title of the film "Sinister" stands out from the rest of the text on the page; also the fact that is placed directly in the centre means that the audience's eyes will immediately be drawn to the title before anything else that they see on the page. This makes the title of the film memorable.

   Due to the overall colour scheme being made up of grey and black colours, (which mirror the overall 'horror' theme of the film) the main focus is the redness of the blood on the wall which is particularly striking. As well as the  colour red signifying danger which mirrors the storyline of the film itself, the evil face intertwined in the blood connotes death and haunting which is also a theme running throughout the film.

Furthermore, the mise-en-scene of the young girl dressed in the white pyjamas presents her as a vulnerable character as white is a colour which suggests innocence and purity: however, juxtaposing from this, the white could also be used to represent death as it is also a colour associated with angels and heaven, possibly foreshadowing a murder that could happen to her character.

    

Research Into Film Posters

I have presented my research in a powerpoint presentation.

Poster planning

Poster planning 

From analysing existing film posters i have come to the conclusion of what we need to use in ours to make it the most eye catching to the audience. As a poster is the main form of merchandise and can also be bought off the internet after film release by fans. some posters are that good that their still widely recognised after film release such as Alfred Hitchcock's psycho, the black and white woman in the film screaming is used and everyone knows who she is even though the film was released years ago the poster is still popular. This is just one of the reasons why we need a unique looking poster to keep the legacy of our film if it becomes famous and watched by millions in years to come.

So for our own poster we've decided to use photoshop and illustrator so that we get a professional look for our poster and we can make it into our unique style like the hit film Sin City does with their colour scheme of black, white and red. As a group we've made a basic plan to use dark colours mainly black with hints of white because these two colours contrast so well, we've also decided to have a hint of red in their to symbolise danger and blood we are doing this because of our research into theories of representations in signs. To add to this we are going to use the main characters pictures like Gangster Squad did with Emma stone on the front, were going to edit the colours though on the characters to make it match our style we are going for. I think we want to keep our poster simple and not overload it with information so were just going to have the title on there and the release date to keep up with the mysterious theme. We also may add the actors and actresses names but not so sure yet we need to see how it will look before we do that as were aiming for simplicity.

Agnes' make up for the fourth day of filming

This is the make up process of Agnes' make up, with notes on what we were doing and how it would impact our film.

Agnes on the fourth day of filming

This was the hair and make up used for Agnes on the fourth day of filming. On the fourth day, we filmed scenes 1, 4, 8, 14 and 19. Agnes was in scenes, 1, 4, 8 and 14. We decided that Agnes should have her make up done to make her look pale and ghostly which foreshadows what is to happen. It also adds to the verisimilitude of the film as the audience will be able to tell from the hair and make up that our film is a horror genre.

This is the completed costume, hair and make up for Agnes. We decided to have pale make up to make her appear ghost like and sickly. The hair is unkempt to make her appear scruffy and alone. Plus, the costume we chose involves light colours to represent that she is still child like and never truly grew up.












Below is the make up process of Agnes' make up, and why we did certain things.

Theories of representation: Signs

Theories of Representation

Signs 

Semioticians believe that everything seen in a film is a sign. The sum for a sign is SIGNIFIER + SIGNIFIED= SIGN. For example colours are used frequently to symbolise something the colour red is seen a lot in horror films that involve gore they usually portray danger, warnings or anger. The colour black is another one regularly used in horror films and creates fear and hints that something evil is on its way.

In our film we used a lot of make-up such as red lips and smudged eyes for Agnes' mother. This symbolises her being reckless and that she doesn't care the bright red lipstick shows how she's a dangerous character and shouldn't be trusted. Agnes' dads make-up has been done so it looks as if he has bruises and is very pale this shows he's been in trouble before and makes him look like a suspicious character. All these are signs to the audience on what kind of characters they are and what to expect in the story line by just using make-up.

Another sign is the use of props in the kitchen scenes we purposely used mugs and kept food out so it shows the audience that the house is properly functioning and people actually do live there. We wanted to make the home look like a family lives there so we placed certain props in the kitchen to make it look like we wanted. Again using signs to symbolise something to the audience.

Title Sequence Research - The woman in black

Like I have previously said, our film is similar to the films, 'The woman in black.' Therefore, I have done some research into the title sequence as I feel that it will help us understand the types of music and cinematography techniques to use.

The woman in black:

Before the title sequence takes place there is a short scene featuring three children having a tea party. It shows them looking up at someone followed by them walking to the window and jumping out; to end the scene a black figure can be seen in the corner looking at the window. This is important to the story line as it sets the time period - because of the clothes and setting. Also, it gives a bit of back ground information to the story line/plot. We could use similar ideas for our film, such as beginning with the hanging scene. We could make this look like it is a dream afterwards with Agnes waking up in bed as if from a nightmare. This will help us present our genre, and it will give the audience some back ground information about our story line. The music used is creepy and makes the audience think of dolls and children, this juxtaposes what is occurring on the screen so creates a very creepy atmosphere.

To follow, the scene fades out to white which represents death and also juxtaposes the black. The distributors and actors names fade on in black as if they are pushing through fog; this links to later when Radcliffe's character visits Eel March House, as it is surrounded with fog. In between the titles fading on, there are nearly-transparent clips of rings being put on fingers, a hand stroking a pregnant belly and a woman in a white dress' face and eyes. Finally, the title of the film fades on and then the screen fades out to white. We can use ideas such as having our titles fade on in a colour that reflects the genre of our film and will also foreshadow that something bad will occur. We will possibly make our title sequence over the hanging scene to give a bit of background information to our story, then we could either fade the scene out to black or white to have our title appear or fade onto the screen.

By using these methods, we hope to represent what genre our product will be with the help of the sounds, editing and mise-en scene.

Ghost Girls Makeup: Day Four of Filming

The aim of this makeup look was to create a shocking and scary appearance considering my character, the 'ghost girl', is one of the two antagonists in our horror film. This particular look was for the 'mirror scene', one of the main scenes in our film we designed to inflict fear on our audience.

Firstly, I applied a heavy layer of white pressed powder all over my face as a base for the rest of the makeup and to also give me a pale complexion in order to give me a ghostly appearance. I then gradually built up a mixture of brown colored shades in areas such as my cheekbones, my temples and the sides of my nose in order to give me the illusion of a skeletal appearance as overall this gave me a sinister look for the scene. I further emphasized my frail appearance by using the same technique on my collar bones and neck line. I took my inspiration for this look from Tim Burton's 'Corpse Bride' mainly focusing on the appearance of the character Emily.

I applied the same mixture of brown shadows underneath my eyes in order to give me the appearance of dark under eye circles which connotes death and decay, adding to my fearful look. As well as this, I extended the arch on my eyebrow to give me a similar shape to those of popular Disney villains such as Cruella Deville, Maleficent and the stepmother from Cinderella as high arched eyebrows seem to be a popular feature, used by successful film producers such as Disney, to connote danger in a certain character and to signify that the particular character is villainous which is an advantageous feature to have when considering my character was an antagonist.

To complete the look, I applied a fake wound in the form of a split neck using fake blood and a mixture of various brown and purple colored shadows to add to the verisimilitude of the cut. Blood is a typical convention of horror films and we wanted to live up to the expectations held by the audience watching our film considering it is very stereotypical of horror to contain a scene featuring blood. I thought that this would be a useful element in relation to amounting toward the overall fear factor of our film. 

Agnes' Makeup: Day Four of Filming

The simple makeup look that I wanted to create for Agnes was an overall ill and frail complexion without being too similar to the makeup looks of the ghost characters- myself and Connor- as well as not being too relatable to that of her mother and fathers dramatic looks as I felt this would detract away from the actor Emma's youthful appearance and draw less attention away from the intention for her to stand out as the main character; her makeup look initiated this.

  I firstly applied a thin layer of white powder to Emma's face in order to create a pale complexion, however, without being too dramatic that her appearance suggested ghost-like connotations as we did not want to reveal to the audience the fact that Agnes was a ghost at the beginning of the film to engage them until the storyline is untangled at the end and this fact is revealed.

 I finally applied a mixture of dark shadows underneath Emma's eyes to create the illusion of dark under eye circles which reflects the fact she is a neglected child living in a dangerous environment where she does not have an appropriate lifestyle. The popular director Tim Burton also uses this technique of under eye circles in the majority of his films, especially his 2007 adaption of the horror story 'Sweeney Todd'. I used the makeup look of the character 'Mrs Lovett' as my inspiration for this makeup look.

My own youtube tutorial for this makeup look: