Target Audiences

Target audiences for a horror film

Age 
The typical age for someone wanting to watch a horror film is 15-25. During this age most people are finding out who they are and haven't seen much of the world yet this shows curiosity. This therefore implies the need for a thrill and the need for excitement to show them something different. Horror movies can provide this thrill easier for young audiences rather than older ones. Younger audiences seem more susceptible to un natural images and violence rather than older audiences that may find them unsuitable and make them feel negative towards the film.

Gender 
Males are found to be more of a fan of horror films rather than females. This is usually because boys develop later than girls and will be more excited by the blood and gore used as its not what you usually see, adding to the maturity level of it. It has also been proven that females would rather go see a comedy or romantic film not a blood and gore type one.

Class
The class of people is a thing that we need to take into consideration. I think that the class would be just working class people who go to the cinema for fun and for recreational purposes. Mainly people who seek thrill through film and want to escape from everyday life.

Group audiences
I think group audiences would be people such as couples who want to go on a date night and just group of friends that want to see something fun and exciting.

Regional identity
This would be a big factor to our short film. I think our film will only be shown in the UK which means our audience would be british and will probably be independent.

Conclusion of who were aiming our film at
We are aiming our film at teenagers mainly from middle class families who seek thrill and like scary films in general. Mainly aiming to appeal to a young audiences. These would be the two main factors we would take into consideration when looking at our target audience.

Video Questionnaire Results

We asked different people questions after reading the our storyline and telling them our title. We filmed their responses. We did this to get a better picture of what audiences would possibly be interested in our film, and what we could include for example subplots and music etc.

1. How old are you?

We asked one 16 year old, two 17 year olds and one 18 year old. This helped us as we had a variety of different ages to present our idea to.

2. What genre do you think our film is?

All of the people we asked said that they thought it would be a horror; which is good as it proves that they understood what genre we are aiming to create. Two of the people we asked also thought that it could be a thriller as it could involve certain aspects to thriller films.

3. Do you think the story line is easy to follow?

The majority of the people we asked thought that it was easy to follow which is good as we don't want to confuse the audience. But the youngest person thought it might be a bit confusing. This could be because he is not interested in horror films, but we do not want the storyline to be too complex.

4. What rating do you think it will be?

The main answer to this question was a 15, but some of them said that depending on how many jump scares and gore we include, it could be an 18.

5. Who do you think would be interested in our film?

The people who we asked gave us different answers. The answers we received were, teenagers, couples, people in their 20's and people who are interested in similar games and movies. This information is helpful as it shows that our film could be aimed at various audiences. Also, people who are interested in similar products such as horror films/games are the people we are aiming our product at.

6. Would you see this film if it was in cinemas?

The majority of the answers we received were positive, which is good. However one person said they would see it if their friends went, this shows that we would need a good distributor to market it well.

7. What improvements could be made to our film?

Again, the responses to this question had a variety of different answers. Some of the answers were that they couldn't think of any improvements. This could be because we asked them what they thought on the spot; we will most likely get better answers on the written questionnaire because they will have more time to think about it. But someone suggested to not make it too cliche, which we agree with completely, and will be aware of.

8. Do you like the title of our film?

All of the answers to this question were positive, which shows that we chose the right title to fit our film.

Target Audience for our film

Horror films tend to follow the range of 15 to 18 years old. This is dues to the contents that are present within the film such as gore, blood and graphic scenes.

Horror films are designed to express the emotion of fear and suspense for the audience, horror films need to have the element of threat that potentially could cause harm or death. The feature of a threat that is usually one that cause harm will straight away give the film an age 15 certificate. If the threat causes explicit violence then the age rating can be raised to 18.

The higher the age for a horror film the more popular and better for sale. Horror film needs to portray threat, sometimes gore and violence. Horror films attract people who like the suspense element caused by violence and threat. Therefore the more intense the threat is and the conscience, the bigger the suspense as the danger is more present to the characters in the film. Which results in a higher age certificate.

Targeted at young adult and adults because the content is too inappropriate for children, meaning the age rating must be suited. Horror films target the young audience, just above the child audience, however the audience cuts of past mid 30's. This is down to young people being too old to watch films targeted at children and horror films create a sense of suspense and by not having an in depth plot makes it easy to follow and appropriate for teenagers. 

Our film will have an age rating 15 and will be targeted at teenagers between the age of 15 up 20 years of age. This is because it has a bit of gore with the hanging of Agnes, our protagonist, and because of this way in which she dies there is violence involved but not severe intense violence. Because of our ages as the producers of the film we had to make it suitable to people our age to watch; we could have added more violence and gore into our film but we decided to keep it t a minimal to keep in line with the age rating we decided to give it. The language in our film will not be too harsh so therefore it wouldn't be classed as an 18 age rating. The audience would go as high as age 20 because, even though they are old enough to watch higher rated films, they may still be interested in watching something a little less intense that what is legally allowed. 

Video Questionnaire

This video questionnaire was filmed to ask different people questions on our plot. It was very beneficial because we were able to get feedback and criticism about our story line and what we could include in our films. We did different ages and genders of people we thought would be our target audience, so it was very helpful to us and our research.

How Men & Women Are Represented In Horror Films

The majority of horror films feature a young, attractive female actress who is scared and, more than likely, seen running away from the antagonist (which is usually a male criminal or monster). This is a representation of how women and males are presented in horror films- for example, representing women as the weaker sex while men remain as the superior one. This supports Laura Mulvey's theory explained in her 1975 novel 'Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema' that in Hollywood cinema, women are viewed as objects; for example Julia Roberts in 'Pretty Woman' is portrayed as a sexualised object. 

Many of the first horror films to be produced had used this technique for their characters, such as 'Dracula', for example, as the culture during that era often accepted and played along with the inferior stereotypes for women due to the fact that the films were released before the second world war etc which was prior to when the notion of independent women swept across the nation.

One of the most stereotypical horror films that represents women in an inferior way to men is the trilogy of the 'Scream' films. This is due to the fact that the antagonist is always a male, and the protagonist is always a female. In addition to this, I believe the films themselves reflect a sense of sexism when referring to blonde females as, from watching the films, you will witness how the majority of the murders committed by the antagonist at the beginning of the film are carried out on a blonde female. This creates a microcosm of all white, blonde females being very naive and incapable of protecting their own lives.

The Screams' trilogy's sexist representation of women is so obvious that it has even been picked up on by the producers and directors of comedy films like 'Scary Movie' where the film mocks Scream on it's representation of females being the weaker sex.

The notion of females being vulnerable and prone to being attacked by an antagonist is carried on throughout the majority of early and present horror films. Most horror films have a male character as the main characters (the antagonist and protagonist- or hero) while the rest of the female cast remain inferior to his role, take 'Insidious 2' for example which is actually a modern horror film and shows that even horror story lines are still based around these sexist stereotypes.

Questionnaire results

Click here for questionnaire results

Audience online questionnaire

Questionnaire link to share

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1r-ZwJRvw_oL0knsAGen6K8Ig_JsFe9mnKW_7fL-N-3Y/viewform?usp=send_form

Mainstream and Independent

Mainstream films are described as films that are widely released in cinemas, examples of this would be Hollywood movies and blockbuster movies. Typical Mainstream movies are released in cinemas for a short period of time and are commercialised to attract customers and are then released for home use and sold in usually popular stores.
Independent films are described as films that a produced outside a major film studio, independent films are usually distinguished both by the style and the artistic way the director chooses to show them. Independent films have a considerably lower budget than Mainstream films. Independent films tend to have a limited release and are heard of by word of mouth usually and reach out to specific audiences.
There are many key differences from a Mainstream film to an Independent film; these differences are easily noticeable when watching the film paying attention to certain aspects of the way in which it was shot. These elements are decided early on in production such as; Actors, most independent films tend to use unknown actors whereas mainstream films often use A-list actors to appeal to an audience. The location, where the film is shot, this is usually a huge indication if the film is independent or mainstream, Independent films due to their budget cannot afford to film in expensive locations but mainstream are known for filming in expensive locations that their audience can recognise, like famous cities. Mainstream films are well known for using extravagant special effects, but Independent films use the least amount if not no special effects at all. 
Mainstream films utilize their marketing strategies, they use trailers on television and DVDs, they advertise on the internet, magazines, posters and the radio. Marketing is one of the biggest things to consider when a film is in development, it is a way of communicating with the general public and trying to persuade them to come and see the film and the way mainstream films utilize this is by making sure their film is known by the majority of the public, they do this by buying advertisement slots on television so that when people are watching their favourite television programmes. Independent films however are marketed a lot differently, a resultant of independent films low budget, they often rely on word of mouth to market their films or alternatively the enter into a film festival in hope to have their work recognised and possibly win an award which can also boost the films popularity and increase the public’s knowledge of the film.
A difference between mainstream and independent is the distribution of the films, mainstream films are usually released internationally in various different cinemas, whereas independent films are sometimes direct to DVD releases, which means that the film is not released in a cinema, that after the film has been made it is put on sale in stores on a DVD, this sometimes means that independent films are not usually well known and are sometimes only discovered on a self in a store.
The exhibition of mainstream and independent differs, mainstream films are released on a wide scale in different cinemas internationally therefore it is very easy to see a mainstream film of your choice in a nearby mainstream cinema, whereas independent do not commonly get shown in mainstream cinemas and therefore are either not shown in cinemas or are shown in local cinemas which offer the viewings of independent films.

Examples of independent films are; 

• 127 Hours
• Never let me go
• Brothers
• Happy-Go-Lucky

Examples of mainstream films;

• Sin City
• Cinderella Man
• Star Wars
• Titanic

Colour schemes in films

Colour schemes in films are more important than you may think. Colours can be used to symbolise something or convey a certain mood. They are used in films on a purpose and to help signal to the audience different things. I have found some good examples of colour scheming in stills of random films. I think this is a good way to see the main colours of a set or why the character is wearing a certain costume in a particular scene, as seen in the picture to the right the actor is made to wear blue tones to compliment the blue background set. He's wearing a red hat to make him stand out and not just blend in as they are considered to be opposite colours. 

I think it is a good point that we look at what colour schemes we would like in our film to make it more appealing to the audiences eyes and keep them interested. The colours in the scene have to compliment each other and have to be there for a reason. I think for our film we need to plan out what costumes will be used in each scene so it looks authentic and well thought out.

Due to our film being a horror film i think as a group we have decided that it needs to be quite a dark and mysterious colours used not many bright colours although i think for props we could incorporate a bright colour to make it different and unique in a way to the audience. Using a bright colour once in a while will be a way of sending a signal to the audience alongside the use of the music in the film.



I really like the last picture i found showing a colour scheme between two characters using pink and blue. It gives off the feeling that there is chemistry there without the characters saying anything just from the picture. This comes across from the use of pink as the main colour which symbolises young love or something along those lines. The use of light blue what the boy is wearing could be used to imply innocence. I think from researching more into the use of colours has really helped us to understand that we need to plan ahead for our short film to make the film make sense through the creative side of it.

Characters hair in our film

Agnes

To complete the young girl look of Agnes she will have her hair in plaits falling either side of her face. They will be a bit messy to create the child like look and increase the image of her innocence. As she is our protagonist we don't want her to look overpowering which is why the flatter plaits will give her the cuter look look in order to link her to being the victim.

Agnes's parents

Agnes's mother will have messy hair, rather unbrushed and not looked after, this will help to show how she isn't bothered about what she looks like; she is only bothered about the drugs she consumes that day. Her father will be the same, they will portray an unkept look to tell the audience how they have a care free attitude to life. 

Ghost Dad

This character will have a contempary hair style, rather stylish of today to pertray a 'normal' character. His hair style will really contrast with Agnes and her parents because they have a rough look, whereas he will have a very sleek styled hair to create this contrast. It also influences the fact that Connor is playing the sane character which puts more focus on the fact that Agnes is actually dead and her parents murdered her.

Ghost girl

Olivia will have her hair in pigtails like a typical little girl as she is showing the normality of her life at the side of Agnes' crazy death. Her hair will mirror her innocence and playful personality.

Police Women

Our police women will have her hair sleek back in a stylish up-do, mirroring her professional on look to the story. 

Research Into Film Certificates

Before a film has it's theatrical release, it must be watched by a qualified examiner of the BBFC and be given an age rating. Some examples of the topics in which the examiner bases the age rating on are: horror; drug abuse; violence; nudity and foul language. The impact of particular scenes on the audience are also considered.

The possible age ratings that may be given to a particular film (in order of age) are: 

Universal

A film with the 'universal' rating is suitable for all audiences aged four years or older. The film should not contain any examples of behaviour that could be found distressing to a young child, such as sexual violence, for example. However- it is impossible to determine what may or may not upset each individual child. Universal films are usually aimed at an audience of children and are usually the films with the largest profit for the institution as every age is able to see the film. An example of a universal film would be "Shrek the Third". 

Parental Guidance

Parental guidance does not differ much from the 'universal' age rating in terms of the conditions,-besides a child aged four years or older would obviously be accompanied by an adult anyway- however a PG age rating states that the film should not unsettle a child aged eight or older, but it is the parents choice whether or not they feel comfortable letting a child aged younger than eight watch the film as a young child may find some scenes of the film upsetting. This is due to the fact that there is examples of mild violence and swearing allowed in the film, such as 'bitch' which would not be included in a 'universal' film. An example of a PG film is 'Johnny English'.

12A

A 12A film means that anyone aged younger than 12 must be accompanied by an adult, however it is the adults responsibility to consider whether the film may be found distressing to the child. This is because the film may have content that is considerably unsuitable for a child under the age of twelve to be viewing such as topics of violence etc as stated before in the explanation of a PG. However, on the dvd or blu-ray edition of the film the rating becomes a '12' as once somebody has purchased the film for home usage, it becomes impossible to control what age the audience are who are watching it. An example of a 12A film is 'Guardians of the Galaxy'.

15

A film with the age rating of a 15 means that no one under that age can buy or watch the film at a cinema. This is because there is no limit on the themes or content that can be used in a 15- such as an unlimited amount of swearing- obviously once they have been considered appropriate for someone that age. An example of a 15 is 'Black Swan'.

18

18 films are only for adults. This is because the film has been rated unsuitable for children due to the themes and/ or topics that are included such as extremely prominent sexual scenes which may actually be what the whole film is based around on. Other themes may be extreme discrimination towards a particular race or ethnic group, or murder and drug abuse. An example of an 18 film is 'The Human Centipede'.

Colour Research

Research - Colours and their meanings

We want our film to have a verisimilitude affect, and for the audience to be able to associate our film with other horror films. All colours in films represent something. For example lighter/warmer colours (like oranges and yellows) in films create a livelier affect, and make the film appear more fun. On the other hand, cooler colours (like blues and purples) give the film a calmer atmosphere.

Colours used in films:
Little Miss Sunshine -

The poster to this film clearly uses the colour yellow to create the appropriate atmosphere. From this poster, I can tell that this film will be really lively and involve a lot of energy and lively music. The genre of this film from the poster would appear to be a comedy-romance or a family/feel-good film. We can interpret ideas used in this film poster when we come to making ours as we want the audience to be able to identify the genre from the use of colour. Therefore we will use dark colours to represent that it is a horror.




Sinster -

This movie poster gives off a different affect to what the previous poster gives off. The colours used in this poster are mainly greys and red's. From looking at this movie poster, the audience are able to tell that it will be a horror with the help of the colour. If the colours were different, for example, if they were yellows, then it would give off a completely different mood and it could end up looking more like a comedy than a horror. We will think about this when we make our film and film poster. In our film, we will be sure to use a lot of red's and dark colours like blacks and greys.



In our film, because it is a horror, we will be sure to use a lot of dark colours like black and grey. This will help make our film appear to be creepier and add to the overall atmosphere. We will also use red, as it is a colour that can be linked closely to horror films. We will use colours like red in the flash back scenes to promote the feeling of danger and death. If we use fast-paced editing then this will help make our film appear to be scarier.



This clip has been taken from the film, 'From dusk 'till dawn.' The colours used in this scene contrast to create a greater impact on the audience. The calm browns and the harsh reds contrast to make the audience feel shocked. From 0:43 seconds onward in this clip, the fast paced editing and the bright colours work together to create a better atmosphere for the film. We can interpret ideas in our film as we can use fast paced editing and a lot of bold colours that are associated with horrors - such as reds - to create a better mood to the film and to leave the audience wanting more.

Locations

House:
We will set our film in a house, as haunted houses are usually featured in horror films. Our film is similar to the films, 'The others,' and, 'The woman in black,' which are also set in houses. We will use shadows and figures in the background to show that the house is supposedly haunted which will help the audience assume what genre our film is. We will aim to film on a dark and dull day to create a scarier affect and show the genre of the film.

Forest:
Our film will open in a forest as Agnes' is being dragged by her parents towards a noose, to become hanged. We will use a lot of close ups and wide shots to create tension. Plus, we will aim to film on a dark day to make the forest look spooky and creepier; this will also add to the mood of the film.





Police interrogation room:
We will use a small room as our police interrogation room. The room will be in darkness but will use a single lamp for lighting, like they stereo typically do in crime/police movies. This will help develop the plot and create a verisimilitude affect.







Closet:
To show that Agnes' parents abused her and treated her bad, she will have a flashback that involves her being thrown in a cupboard, and it being locked. We will use similar ideas to the Harry Potter franchise. At the beginning of the first film, the protagonist spends a lot if time in a cupboard. There a lot of dark colours used which are juxtaposed by the bursts of light to show the character's face. We can interpret these cinematography and lighting ideas into our own film.


Bedroom:
Agnes will wake up from a dream in her bedroom. We want to make the bedroom look scary, as it will support stereotypes in common horror films. We also could include a scene of Agnes looking under her bed to build the tension, to make the atmosphere appear to be scarier and for the audience to expect something to jump out.



Bathroom:
Agnes will wake up and go to the bathroom to wash her face, but she will see someone behind her to make the audience jump. We will aim to film this in the dark to make it a lot more scarier. This will happen at the beginning of the film to initially scare the audience and so that they will be constantly expecting something to jump out at them.

Potential Audience for our film

Because our film is very similar to the films, 'The others,' and ' The woman in black.' Our aim is to make our film appeal to those similar audiences. We will use similar cinematography and editing techniques to create similar atmospheres and to prove the genre of our film to the audience.

Certificate:
We suspect the certificate for our film will be a 15. We would like to build the tension to make this film appear more scarier. We will use very minimal profanities, if any at all, and the only gore we will feature is the hanging scene at the beginning of our film. Because we are looking for a specific audience, and the content in our film is for the mature e.g. the child abuse and hanging, we believe that it will have to be a 15 certificate. We would like our film to be this particular certificate, as it would open up a broader range of people compared to if it was rated an 18, as not many people would watch it. However, the issue os very serious so a 12 would be too young. It would increase the potential of people who could watch our film, which would be very beneficial to us and any distributor's. We will not use profanities or much gore so that it will not be an 18. The plot for our film would be too complicated and inappropriate for any audiences younger than 15, therefore we believe our certificate should be a 15. Although our film would be labelled that specific age rating, we think that it would appeal to people aged 15-25, due to the fact that our film could possibly be too complicated for younger viewers.

Interests:

We want to aim our film at various audiences so that we can allow various types of people to watch it. We believe that the majority of the people who would watch our film would be interested in similar horror movies such as, 'The others,' and 'The woman in black' for example. If we use the same distributor's then it may appeal to these similar audiences. Our film will be a horror or a thriller in the eyes of the audience so we will feature aspects in our film such as tension, shadows, scary music, blood etc. This would allow the audience the identify what genre the film would be from a trailer or a movie poster. We would like the title of our film to be similar to the title to the game, 'Outlast.' This game is about a mental institute but it is the same genre as our film. If we use a similar font to that of a well known/successful horror game then the audience will identify our movie as a good horror film and may become interested to watch our product.


Gender:
We would like to aim our film at both male and female audiences, so we will include aspects that would appeal to both genders.
I believe that everyone will be interested in our media text, as there are no gender specific themes that will favour a particular gender over the other. Our protagonist is female, but I think that this will appeal to both males and females, as it supports the stereotypes of horror films, and will make our film similar to, 'The others.'

Nationality:
I think that the majority of the people who will be interested in our film will be from the UK. This is because it will have been shot in the UK, the characters will have British accents and it will most likely have been distributed by a British company. 

Props For Our Film

We will use props in our film as they will add to the mise-en scene and also give our film a verisimilitude affect. It is important to plan and research what props we will need to get a good tone for our film and so the audience are able to fully believe what is happening.

Noose:

We will need to include a noose in our film, because at the beginning of the film, Agnes is hanged. We need to show a noose so that it can foreshadow Agnes' death without us physically pretending to hang someone, and them ending up getting hurt. We will show a shot of Agnes being dragged up to the noose and then some feet dangling, but we are aware that we have to take into account the health and safety measures.

Smoke machine:

To create the affect that Agnes' parents are high and do drugs, we will use a smoke machine to create the affect of smoke. Also, we can use the smoke machine to create a spookier affect. If there is a lot of mist and smoke in certain scenes, it will make or film look creepier and build up the tension.

Fake cigarettes:

We will use fake cigarettes for Agnes' parents. These will prove that they do drugs and it will give them a reason to act crazy and kill Agnes - as they don't know what they are doing. Because the people who are playing Agnes' parents do not smoke in real life, we will use fake ones to create a verisimilitude affect.

Syringes:

We will have these syringes scattered about the house to show that Agnes' do drugs and that they are crazy. We will use close ups of the floor to show the syringes on the floor and this will help build up the tension.

Lamp:

We will use a lamp in the police interrogation scene to create a verisimilitude affect. The audience associate lamps in police interrogation interviews and we want to support stereotypes to make our film look real and add to the atmosphere.

Moving boxes:

We will include these in the end of our film to show the new family moving into the house. It will create a verisimilitude affect and help the storyline develop.

Car:

We will use a car in our film to show that the new home owners are a family and mature. We will feature this in the end of our film when the new home owners are moving in, with the boxes.

TV:

We will feature a TV in our film for when Agnes is watching the news. This will help her have a flashback to her death, and develop the storyline.

Mug:

We will use a mug in the news report to create a verisimilitude affect. Also, at the beginning of our film when Agnes turns around and her mug has been moved or knocked over, this will help create the tension of our film and help the plot develop.

Vladimir Propps theory of narrative

Vladimir Propp was a literary critic and a scholar who founded the idea that a certain type of character was to be used in every narrative structure. His theory has influenced many film makers and producers to writing successful narratives. Propp also suggested that all fairy tales follow a specific narrative structure.

Propp also had eight character types that applied to every story written: 
1. The villain - fights the hero in some way. For example a good villain character is the Joker from the 'dark knight- batman'. 

2. The dispatcher- the character who makes villains evil known and sends the hero off. A good example of a dispatcher is Nick Fury who appears in 'Avengers assemble' and collects the hero's in order to fight off the evil presence/ villain. 

3. The (magical) helper- the one who helps the hero complete the task at hand. A good example would be Robin from the film 'Batman and Robin' he provides a physical appearance to help fight off the villain alongside the hero. 

4. The princess or prize- the hero deserves her throughout the story but is unable to marry her because of an unfair evil, usually because of the villain. A good example of the princess is Gwen Stacey from the hit film 'The amazing spiderman'. 

5. Her father- gives the hero the task, identifies the false hero, and marries the hero often sought for throughout the narrative. Propp also noted that the princess and father cannot be clearly distinguished. 
6. The donor- Prepares the hero and gives the hero a magical object that will help them. A good example of the donor would be Lucius Fox in the film 'Batman begins' he provides Batman with weapons and armoury.   

7. The hero or victim/ seeker hero- reacts to the donor weds the princess. The most common character type a good example of a true hero is spiderman as seen in 'The amazing spiderman'. 

8. False hero- takes credit for the hero's actions or tries to marry the princess.

There are in Propps theory 31 functions that take place in basic narratives: 

1. A member of a family leaves home (the hero is introduced as a unique person within the tribe, whose needs may not be met by remaining)
2. An interdiction (a command NOT to do something e.g.'don't go there', 'go to this place'), is addressed to the hero;
3. The hero ignores the interdiction
4. The villain appears and (either villain tries to find the children/jewels etc; or intended victim encounters the villain);
5. The villain gains information about the victim;
6. The villain attempts to deceive the victim to take possession of victim or victim's belongings (trickery; villain disguised, tries to win confidence of victim);
7. The victim is fooled by the villain, unwittingly helps the enemy;
8. Villain causes harm/injury to family/tribe member (by abduction, theft of magical agent, spoiling crops, plunders in other forms, causes a disappearance, expels someone, casts spell on someone, substitutes child etc, commits murder, imprisons/detains someone, threatens forced marriage, provides nightly torments); Alternatively, a member of family lacks something or desires something (magical potion etc);
9. Misfortune or lack is made known, (hero is dispatched, hears call for help etc/ alternative is that victimised hero is sent away, freed from imprisonment);
10. Seeker agrees to, or decides upon counter-action;
11. Hero leaves home;
12. Hero is tested, interrogated, attacked etc, preparing the way for his/her receiving magical agent or helper (donor);
13. Hero reacts to actions of future donor (withstands/fails the test, frees captive, reconciles disputants, performs service, uses adversary's powers against them);
14. Hero acquires use of a magical agent (it's directly transferred, located, purchased, prepared, spontaneously appears, is eaten/drunk, or offered by other characters);
15. Hero is transferred, delivered or led to whereabouts of an object of the search;
16. Hero and villain join in direct combat;
17. Hero is branded (wounded/marked, receives ring or scarf);
18. Villain is defeated (killed in combat, defeated in contest, killed while asleep, banished);
19. Initial misfortune or lack is resolved (object of search distributed, spell broken, slain person revived, captive freed);
20. Hero returns;
21. Hero is pursued (pursuer tries to kill, eat, undermine the hero);
22. Hero is rescued from pursuit (obstacles delay pursuer, hero hides or is hidden, hero transforms unrecognisably, hero saved from attempt on his/her life);
23. Hero unrecognised, arrives home or in another country;
24. False hero presents unfounded claims;
25. Difficult task proposed to the hero (trial by ordeal, riddles, test of strength/endurance, other tasks);
26. Task is resolved;
27. Hero is recognised (by mark, brand, or thing given to him/her);
28. False hero or villain is exposed;
29. Hero is given a new appearance (is made whole, handsome, new garments etc);
30. Villain is punished;
31. Hero marries and ascends the throne (is rewarded/promoted)

Character costume in our film

Agnes
In our film Agnes is the protagonist, and stereotypically the young girl in horror films is the innocent one. Therefore by dressing her in white this portrays her innocence and purity. It is also connected to her death and how she will be transferred to heaven. The relation to her innocence is shown in the beginning when it is revealed that she is not actually alive.

Agnes's parents 
With Agnes's parents being the antagonists, we have decided to dress them in dark colours in order to link them to their dark and sinister element. Also the darkness of their costume will relate to their twisted personalities.

Ghost Dad
The ghost dad will be dressed in light, balanced clothing to show how he is unaware of what is happening in the house. This will also show how he is no threat to Agnes, relating to his innocence. Having him dressed like this will create a contrast to the mother and father, therefore creating a juxtaposition of good and evil in the film.

Ghost child - girl

The ghost child will also be dressed in colours to show how she isn't a threat to Agnes in any way. By doing this we will be connecting both the ghost characters to show togetherness. And showing how Agnes is under no threat of them both, even though she begins to believe they are haunting her house. 

Police Women

Our police women will typically be dressed in a white shirt and black trousers. This will mean the audience will automatically be able to identify who the character is and therefore knowing that action is going to take place. Shortly after when the mother and father of Agnes are being questioned in the interrogation room, Charlotte will be dressed accordingly.